Introduction: Developing social competence is considered as one of the best predictors of academic and social success as well as conducting behavior in the present and future. The aim of this research was to present a structural model with regards to relationship between resilience and social competence by interpreting the mediating role of academic adjustment.

Methods: In terms of objective, this research is applied, and regarding the method, it is descriptive correlational. The statistical population consisted of all students studying at Mazandaran University of medical sciences in the second half of 2018-2019 academic year and first half of 2019-2020. Using proportionate stratified sampling method, a sample of 320 students was chosen. For data collection, Felner social competence, Conner and Davidson resilience (2003), and Baker and Seriak academic adjustment (1986) questionnaires were used. To determine the validity of the questionnaires, content validity and confirmatory factor analysis were used. Also, internal consistency of the questionnaires was obtained based on Cronbach alpha coefficients as 0.89, 0.83, and 0.94, respectively. In the descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation were used. To examine the correlation, Pearson correlation coefficient, and for testing hypotheses, path analysis modeling method was used.

Results: The results of Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that there is a significant relationship between resilience and academic adjustment (r=0.57), resilience and social competence (r=0.596), as well as academic adjustment and social competence (r=0.599). Also, the results obtained from path analysis indicated that the past coefficient between resilience and academic adjustment (t=0.33, ß =4.19), resilience and social competence (t=0.15, ß =2.12), and academic adjustment and social competence (t=4.38, ß =0.28) were confirmed to be significant.

Conclusion: According to the results of research on resilience training interventions such as cognitive behavioral programming (CBT), mindfulness-based interventions are recommended to increase resilience.