en عمومى General پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>Background: </b>Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used to treat acid-related disorders, but their impact on the gut microbiome is not well understood. To review the evidence on the effects of PPIs on the gut microbiome and their potential consequences for human health.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>Methods:</b> A narrative review of published studies on the impact of PPIs on the gut microbiome was conducted.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>Results:</b> PPIs have been shown to alter the balance of gut bacteria, leading to an increased risk of various diseases, including Clostridioides difficile infections, insulin resistance, and elevated blood sugar levels. PPIs have also been found to have a negative impact on specific populations, such as infants and young children. In contrast, some studies have suggested that PPIs may not directly affect the balance of gut bacteria, but rather alter the gut pH, leading to changes in the microbiome.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>Conclusion:</b> The evidence suggests that PPIs can have a significant impact on the gut microbiome, leading to negative consequences for human health. Further research is needed to fully understand the effects of PPIs on the gut microbiome and to identify potential strategies for mitigating these effects.</span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Proton pump inhibitors, Gut microbiome, Clostridioides difficile infections, Insulin resistance, Acid-related disorders, Gastrointestinal health 24 31 http://intjmi.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-596&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Masihollah Shakeri 10031947532846006680 10031947532846006680 No Department of Internal Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Mahsa Parpaei 10031947532846006681 10031947532846006681 No Department of Internal Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. Hossein Ali Rostami Pour 10031947532846006682 10031947532846006682 No Department of Internal Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Zhila Rahmanian 10031947532846006683 10031947532846006683 Yes Department of Internal Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.