fa عمومى General پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:normal"><b>Objective:</b> The present study was conducted to predict self-handicapping based on early maladaptive schemas, cognitive avoidance, and tolerance of ambiguity.</span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><b>Method:</b> The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all students of Islamic Azad University, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, during the 2024-2025 academic year. From this population, a sample of 150 individuals was selected using convenience sampling. The participants responded to the Young Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire (2005), Sexton and Dugas&rsquo;s Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire (2008), McLain&rsquo;s Tolerance of Ambiguity Scale (1993), and Midgley&rsquo;s Self-Handicapping Scale (2001). Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis and regression coefficients.</span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><b>Results:</b> The research findings indicated that the domains of impaired autonomy and performance (&beta; = 0.227, p = 0.01), impaired limits (&beta; = 0.173, p = 0.01), and other-directedness (&beta; = 0.311, p = 0.001) had a positive and significant relationship with self-handicapping. Furthermore, the regression coefficient for cognitive avoidance (&beta; = 0.195, p = 0.01) was statistically significant, and tolerance of ambiguity (&beta; = -0.187, p = 0.001) significantly predicted self-handicapping. Therefore, the roles of early maladaptive schemas, cognitive avoidance, and tolerance of ambiguity in students&#39; self-handicapping are emphasized.</span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><b>Conclusion:</b> Beyond aligning with theoretical perspectives such as Young&rsquo;s Schema Therapy and cognitive-behavioral models, the findings highlight the importance of psychological interventions based on cognitive restructuring, increasing tolerance of ambiguity, and schema therapy in preventing self-handicapping among the student population.<span lang="EN"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Self-handicapping, Early Maladaptive Schemas, Cognitive Avoidance, Tolerance of Ambiguity 0 0 http://intjmi.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-710&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Maral Mahdavi Mahdavimaral78@gmail.com 10031947532846008483 10031947532846008483 Yes Department of Clinical Psychology, Ayatollah Amoli Azad University, Amol, Iran. Ali Asghar Hosseinzadeh 10031947532846008484 10031947532846008484 No Department of Clinical Psychology, Ayatollah Amoli Azad University, Amol, Iran.