1. 1. Vindegaard N, Benros ME. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2020;89:531-42.
2. Cullen W, Gulati G, Kelly BD. Mental health in the COVID-19 pandemic. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2020;113(5):311-2.
3. Wastnedge EAN, Reynolds RM, Boeckel SRv, Stock SJ, Denison FC, Maybin JA, et al. Pregnancy and COVID-19. Physiological Reviews. 2021;101(1):303-18.
4. Durankuş F, Aksu E. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women: a preliminary study. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. 2022;35(2):205-11.
5. Preis H, Mahaffey B, Lobel M. The role of pandemic-related pregnancy stress in preference for community birth during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Birth. 2021;48(2):242-50.
6. Ryan D, Milis L, Misri N. Depression during pregnancy. Canadian Family Physician. 2005;51(8):1087.
7.O'hara MW, McCabe JE. Postpartum depression: current status and future directions. Annual review of clinical psychology. 2013;9:379-407.
8. Robinson M, Whitehouse AJ, Newnham JP, Gorman S, Jacoby P, Holt BJ, et al. Low maternal serum vitamin D during pregnancy and the risk for postpartum depression symptoms. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2014;17(3):213-9.
9. Yim IS, Glynn LM, Dunkel-Schetter C, Hobel CJ, Chicz-DeMet A, Sandman CA. Risk of postpartum depressive symptoms with elevated corticotropin-releasing hormone in human pregnancy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009;66(2): 162-9.
10. Yim IS, Glynn LM, Schetter CD, Hobel CJ, Chicz-Demet A, Sandman CA. Prenatal beta-endorphin as an early predictor of postpartum depressive symptoms in euthymic women. J Affect Disord. 2010;125(1-3):128-33.
12. Mughal S, Azhar Y, Siddiqui W. Postpartum Depression. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.; 2022.O'hara MW, McCabe JE. Postpartum depression: current status and future directions. Annual review of clinical psychology. 2013;9:379-407.
8. Robinson M, Whitehouse AJ, Newnham JP, Gorman S, Jacoby P, Holt BJ, et al. Low maternal serum vitamin D during pregnancy and the risk for postpartum depression symptoms. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2014;17(3):213-9.
9. Yim IS, Glynn LM, Dunkel-Schetter C, Hobel CJ, Chicz-DeMet A, Sandman CA. Risk of postpartum depressive symptoms with elevated corticotropin-releasing hormone in human pregnancy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009;66(2):162-9.
10. Yim IS, Glynn LM, Schetter CD, Hobel CJ, Chicz-Demet A, Sandman CA. Prenatal beta-endorphin as an early predictor of postpartum depressive symptoms in euthymic women. J Affect Disord. 2010;125(1-3):128-33.
11. Mughal S, Azhar Y, Siddiqui W. Postpartum Depression. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing
Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.; 2022.
O'hara MW, McCabe JE. Postpartum depression: current status and future directions. Annual review of clinical psychology. 2013;9:379-407.
8. Robinson M, Whitehouse AJ, Newnham JP, Gorman S, Jacoby P, Holt BJ, et al. Low maternal serum vitamin D during pregnancy and the risk for postpartum depression symptoms. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2014;17(3):213-9.
9. Yim IS, Glynn LM, Dunkel-Schetter C, Hobel CJ, Chicz-DeMet A, Sandman CA. Risk of postpartum depressive symptoms with elevated corticotropin-releasing hormone in human pregnancy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009;66(2):162-9.
10. Yim IS, Glynn LM, Schetter CD, Hobel CJ, Chicz-Demet A, Sandman CA. Prenatal beta-endorphin as an early predictor of postpartum depressive symptoms in euthymic women. J Affect Disord. 2010;125(1-3):128-33.
11. Mughal S, Azhar Y, Siddiqui W. Postpartum Depression. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing
Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.; 2022.
O'hara MW, McCabe JE. Postpartum depression: current status and future directions. Annual review of clinical psychology. 2013;9:379-407.
8. Robinson M, Whitehouse AJ, Newnham JP, Gorman S, Jacoby P, Holt BJ, et al. Low maternal serum vitamin D during pregnancy and the risk for postpartum depression symptoms. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2014;17(3):213-9.
9. Yim IS, Glynn LM, Dunkel-Schetter C, Hobel CJ, Chicz-DeMet A, Sandman CA. Risk of postpartum depressive symptoms with elevated corticotropin-releasing hormone in human pregnancy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009;66(2):162-9.
10. Yim IS, Glynn LM, Schetter CD, Hobel CJ, Chicz-Demet A, Sandman CA. Prenatal beta-endorphin as an early predictor of postpartum depressive symptoms in euthymic women. J Affect Disord. 2010;125(1-3):128-33.
11. Mughal S, Azhar Y, Siddiqui W. Postpartum Depression. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing
Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.; 2022.
12. Ostacoli L, Cosma S, Bevilacqua F, Berchialla P, Bovetti M, Carosso AR, et al. Psychosocial factors associated with postpartum psychological distress during the Covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2020;20(1):703.
13. Bennett HA, Einarson A, Taddio A, Koren G, Einarson TR. Prevalence of Depression During Pregnancy: Systematic Review. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2004;103(4).
14. Tolentino JC, Schmidt SL. DSM-5 criteria and depression severity: implications for clinical practice. Frontiers in psychiatry. 2018:450.
15. Eberhard‐Gran M, Eskild A, Tambs K, Opjordsmoen S, Ove Samuelsen S. Review of validation studies of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 2001;104(4):243-9.
16. Ng QX, Venkatanarayanan N, Loke W, Yeo WS, Lim DY, Chan HW, et al. A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of yoga-based interventions for maternal depression during pregnancy. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2019;34:8-12.
17. Martínez-Paredes JF, Jácome-Pérez N. Depression in Pregnancy. Rev Colomb Psiquiatr (Engl Ed). 2019;48(1):58-65.
18. Eke AC, Saccone G, Berghella V. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Bjog. 2016;123(12):1900-7.
19. López-Morales H, del Valle MV, Canet-Juric L, Andrés ML, Galli JI, Poó F, et al. Mental health of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study. Psychiatry Research. 2021;295:113567.
20. Oskovi-Kaplan ZA, Buyuk GN, Ozgu-Erdinc AS, Keskin HL, Ozbas A, Moraloglu Tekin O. The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic and Social Restrictions on Depression Rates and Maternal Attachment in Immediate Postpartum Women: a Preliminary Study. Psychiatric Quarterly. 2021;92(2):675-82.
21. Liang P, Wang Y, Shi S, Liu Y, Xiong R. Prevalence and factors associated with postpartum depression during the COVID-19 pandemic among women in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2020;20(1):557.
22.. Mariño-Narvaez C, Puertas-Gonzalez JA, Romero-Gonzalez B, Peralta-Ramirez MI. Giving birth during the COVID-19 pandemic: The impact on birth satisfaction and postpartum depression. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2021;153(1):83-8.
23. Terada S, Kinjo K, Fukuda Y. The relationship between postpartum depression and social support during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research. 2021;47(10):3524-31.
24. Usmani S, Greca E, Javed S, Sharath M, Sarfraz Z, Sarfraz A, et al. Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review. J Prim Care Community Health. 2021;12:21501327211059348.