[Home ] [Archive]    
:: Main About journal Editorial Board Current Issue Archive Submit an article Site Map Contact ::
Main Menu
Home::
Journal Information::
Articles archive::
For Authors::
For Reviewers::
Registration::
Contact us::
Site Facilities::
Editorial Board::
::
Search in website

Advanced Search
..
Receive site information
Enter your Email in the following box to receive the site news and information.
..
:: Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-2023) ::
Int J Med Invest 2023, 12(3): 169-189 Back to browse issues page
The Association between Caring Behavior, Self-Efficacy, and Work Engagement among Formal Caregivers Serving Children with Intellectual Disability
Zahra Siah Mansour Khorin , Taraneh Taghavi Larijani , Soheil Rahimi , Shima Haghani *
Master of Biostatistics, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract:   (804 Views)
Background: Not only caring behavior in caregivers of children with intellectual disability assumes great significance but it also pertains to improved caring quality. On the account that caring behavior can be influenced by self-efficacy and work engagement; consequently, this study was conducted aiming to determine the association between caring behavior, self-efficacy, and work engagement among formal caregivers serving children with intellectual disability in rehabilitation centers of Tehran in 2022.
Method: A descriptive-correlational survey, this study consisted of 203 formal caregivers serving children with intellectual disability from rehabilitation centers. A demographic characteristics questionnaire, the Caring Dimensions Inventory (CDI), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE-10), and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) were the tools utilized to collect the data. Data analysis was accomplished using SPSS software version 16 in two descriptive and inferential statistics phases.
Results: The general results indicated that caring behavior significantly and positively correlated with self-efficacy; i.e. as self-efficacy rises, so does the caring behavior (P=0.014). Furthermore, work engagement was found to be significant as shown by the regression model (p = 0.001), considering that the coefficient of the model was 0.42. In other words, enhanced work engagement was tantamount to higher caring behavior by 0.42%.
Conclusion: As self-efficacy and work engagement do increase, so do the caring behaviors in caregivers. These results can offer the knowledge base to healthcare policymakers, particularly managers of rehabilitation centers, to embrace well-written programs, in-service training and enhance the working conditions. As a result, the basis for revising the official caregivers' behaviors would be hopefully provided.
 
Keywords: Caring Behaviors, Self-Efficacy, Work Engagement, Children with intellectual disability, Official Caregivers
Full-Text [PDF 472 kb]   (682 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Review | Subject: General
References
1. 1. Cho H, Han K. Associations among nursing work environment and health‐promoting behaviors of nurses and nursing performance quality: A multilevel modeling approach. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 2018;50(4):403-10. 2. Green HE. Use of theoretical and conceptual frameworks in qualitative research. Nurse researcher. 2014;21(6). 3. Mahmoodzadeh Z, Ashktorab T, Naeeni SMK. The correlation between Moral Distress and Caring Behaviors of Nurses in Intensive Care Units of Bandar Abbas Hospitals in 2018 Medical Ethics and History of Medicine. 2019;12(1):82-93. 4. Bramley L, Matiti M. How does it really feel to be in my shoes? Patients' experiences of compassion within nursing care and their perceptions of developing compassionate nurses. Journal of clinical nursing. 2014;23(19-20):2790-9. 5. De Los Santos JA, Labrague L. Job Engagement and Satisfaction are Associated with Nurse Caring Behaviours: A Cross-sectional Study. Journal of nursing management. 2021:1-9. 6. Brenner ZR, Dimitroff LJ, Nichols LW. Documentation of nurse caring behaviors. International Journal for Human Caring. 2010;14(4):7. 7. Zahroh R, Qomariah SN, Ningsih SU, Bakar A. Self-Efficacy Associated with Nurse Caring Behavior in Nursing Services in Private Hospitals. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. 2020; 24(09). 8. Lewis P, Gaffney RJ, Wilson NJ. A narrative review of acute care nurses’ experiences nursing patients with intellectual disability: underprepared, communication barriers and ambiguity about the role of caregivers. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2017;26(11-12):1473-84. 9. Ghadampour, Sepahvandi, Beyranvandi. The effectiveness of puppet show on the behavioral disorders Educable mentally retarded boy students. Journal of Exceptional Children. 2018;18(3):91-104. 10. Alizadeh H. The Renaming Of Mental Retardation To Intellectual Disability. Journal Of Exceptional Children. 2008;8(2 (28)):127-40. 11. Ravees S, Chowhan A. Misinterpretation of Mental Retardation Disability by Caregivers in Jammu Region of India. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications,. 2019;9(7). 12. Enoch A, Mprah WK, Owusu I, Bediako J. Role of Caregivers of Children with Intellectual Disabilities and Support Systems Available to them in Ghana. Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development. 2017;28(4):80-95. 13. Dr. Edward Alan Glasper Editor-in-chief (2017) Optimising the Care of Children with Intellectual Disabilities in Hospital, Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing, 40:2, 63-67 14. Ndirangu E, Midigo R. Understanding the lived experiences Caregiving for Children Living with Disabilities in Mukuru Slums, Kenya; Implications for Health and Wellness in Caregiving. International Journal of Health and Biological Sciences. 2019;2(1):24-31. 15. Bahrami M, Alavi A, Zargham-Boroujeni A. Caring Self-Efficacy Perception In Pediatric Wards Nurses Iran Journal of Nursing. 2018;31(112):67-76. 16. Mehrangiz Ghabimi, Fatemeh Mahdavipour, Maryam Zarei, Raziye Mazroei, Maryam Kamali, Aminreza Askarpour, Hamid hojjati. The Effect of Implementing Pain Control Guidelines on the Pain of Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results .2022. 13(7): 344–348 17. Soudagar S, Rambod M, Beheshtipour NJIjon, research m. Factors associated with nurses’ self-efficacy in clinical setting in Iran, 2013. 2015;20(2):226. PMID: 25878701, PMCID: PMC4387648. 18. Fida R, Laschinger HKS, Leiter MP. The protective role of self-efficacy against workplace incivility and burnout in nursing: A time-lagged study. Health care management review. 2018;43(1):21-9. 19. Conradie M, Erwee D, Visser M, Calitz FJ, Joubert G, Serfontein I. A profile of perceived stress factors among nursing staff working with intellectually disabled in-patients at the Free State Psychiatric Complex, South Africa. Curationis. 2017 Apr 3; 40(1):1-8 20. West CA, Galloway E, Niemeier MT. Resident aggression toward staff at a center for the developmentally disabled. Workplace health & safety. 2014;62(1):19-26. 21. Ghazawy ER, Mahfouz EM, Mohammed ES, Refaei SA. Nurses’ work engagement and its impact on the job outcomes. International Journal of Healthcare Management. 2021;14(2):320-7. 22. Guerrero-Barona E, Rodríguez-Jiménez M, Chambel MJ. Engagement in carers of persons with intellectual disabilities: the role of self-efficacy and emotional intelligence. Disability and rehabilitation. 2020;42(10):1397-405. 23. Valipour Eskandarkolaii E, Hekmatipour N, Hojjati H. The Effect of Spiritual Self-Care Training on the Severity of Insomnia of Diabetic Adolescents. cmja 2023; 13 (1) :28-35 24. Van Bogaert P, Wouters K, Willems R, Mondelaers M, Clarke S. Work engagement supports nurse workforce stability and quality of care: nursing team‐level analysis in psychiatric hospitals. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 2013;20(8):679-86. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12004 25. Fasoli DR. The culture of nursing engagement: A historical perspective. Nursing Administration Quarterly. 2010;34(1):18-29. doi: 10.1097/NAQ.0b013e3181c95e7a 26. Ignatenko V. Psychologists working in state psychiatric hospitals: An exploration of factors related to work engagement: West Virginia University 2015. 27. Home A. ANA Position Statement: Nurse’s Role in Providing Ethically and Developmentally Appropriate Care to People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing.26 (1). https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol26No01PoSCol01 28. Watson R, Lea A. The caring dimensions inventory (CDI): content validity, reliability and scaling. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 1997;25(1):87-94. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.1997025087.x 29. Akansel N, Watson R, Vatansever N, Özdemir A. Nurses’ perceptions of caring activities in nursing. Nursing Open. 2021;8:506–516. https://doi.org/10.1002/ nop2.653 30. Salimi S, Azimpour A, Fesharaki M, Mohammadzadeh S. Nurses’ Perception Of Importance Of Caring Behaviors And Its Determinant Factors Nursing and Midwifery Journal. 2012;10(1):1-12. 31. Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized self-efficacy scale. In S.Wright, & M. Johnston, & J. Weinman, (Eds.), Measures in Health Psychology: A User’s Portfolio. Causal and Control Beliefs (pp. 35–37). Windsor, UK: nferNelson 32. Dadipoor S, Alavi A, Ghaffari M, Safari-Moradabadi A. Association between self-efficacy and general health: a cross-sectional study of the nursing population. BMC Nursing. 2021;20(1):49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00568-5 33. Delavar A, Najafi M. The psychometric properties of the general self efficacy scale among university staff. Quarterly of Educational Measurement. 2013;3(12):87-104. 34. Schaufeli WB, Bakker AB, Salanova M. The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational psychological measurement. 2006;66(4):701-16. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282471 35. Ghanbari s, ardalan m, zandi k, saifpanahi h. Validity and Reliability of Utrecht Nine-item Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) %J Journal of Management and Development Process. 2015;28(2):181-97. 36. Barzajhe Atri S, Abdollahi H, Arshadi Bostanabad M, Asghari Jafarabadi M. The effect of educational intervention on the attitudes and behaviors of family caregivers caring for children with intellectual disability. Journal of Nursing Education. 2015;3(4):1-10. 37. Hosseinzadeh H, Mohammadi M, Shamshiri M. The Study of Caring Behaviors and Its Determinant Factors from the Perspective of Nurses in Educational Hospitals of Ardabil %J Journal of Health and Care. 2019;21(3):203-11. Doi: 10.29252/jhc.21.3.203 38. Salmani N, Abbaszadeh A, Rassouli M. Hospitalized Children's Mothers' Perceptions Of Nursing Care Behaviors Iranian Journal Of Nursing Research 2014;9(2 (33)):28-37 39. Salmani N, Hasanvand S, Bagheri I, Mandegari Z. 1Nursing Care Behaviors Perceived by Parents of Hospitalized Children: A Qualitative Study Int J Pediatr. 2017;5(7). 40. Bahrami M, Alavi A, Zargham-Boroujeni A. Perceived Self-Efficacy In Pediatric Nurses Of Proficiency Concept: A Qualitative Study Nursing and Midwifery Journal 2016;14(3):254-62. 41. Barani M, Hassani L, Ghanbarnejad A, Molavi MA. Relationship between self-efficacy and caring behavior of mothers of children with cancer %J Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2019;6(1):35-26. Doi: 10.29252/jpm.6.1.35 42. Ravanipour M, Ahmadian A, Yazdanpanah A, Soltanian AR. Assessing the relationship between self-efficacy and clinical decision-making in hospital nurse. Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care. 2015;23(4):77-86. 43. Handiyani H, Kusumawati AS, Karmila R, Wagiono A, Silowati T, Lusiyana A, et al. Nurses’ self-efficacy in Indonesia. Enfermeria clinica. 2019;29:252-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.030 44. Salimi HR, Pourebrahimi M, Hoseinabadi Farahani MJ. Clinical Self-Efficacy, Dimensions And Related Factors Among Nursing Students Iranian Journal Of Psychiatric Nursing 2017;5(2):1-7. Doi: 10.21859/ijpn-05021 45. Golfiroozi S, Hojjati H, Ranjbar Noei F, Kaboosi M, Shikhnejad F, et al. The Effectiveness of In-service Training Course on Adult Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation based on the Kirkpatrick Model. J Health Rep Technol. 2023;9(3):e137933. https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-137933.M 46. ehrizi Z, Nasiri A, Irandoost S. The Work Engagement of Nurses and Its Correlation with Perceived Social Support %J Iran Journal of Nursing. 2019;32(120):60-70. Doi: 10.29252/ijn.32.120.60 47. Mazroei R, Monemi Gohari E, Ghadermazi M, Latifi N, Hojjati H, et al. The Effect of Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Asthmatic Pediatric Quality of Life. J Health Rep Technol. 2023;9(3):e137577. https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-137577. 48. Haghighi A, Haghighi S, Samavatian H, Amini M, Abasi Hafshejani M. Predicting Job Involvement through Positive Affect and Emotional Quotient among Midwives and Nurses. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2012;15(30):22-8. Doi: 10.22038/IJOGI.2012.70 49. Soodani M, Mostafavirad F, Chinaveh M. Assessing the simple and multiple relationships between individual and organizational variables and job involvement among nurses %J Quarterly Journal of Nersing Management. 2016;4(3):42-53. 50. Lee A, Kim H, Faulkner M, Gerstenblatt P, Travis DJ, editors. Work engagement among child-care providers: An application of the job demands–resources model. Child & Youth Care Forum; 2019: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-018-9473-y 51. Yimsai R, Intanon T, Kongsuwan V. The Relationship between Perceived Caring Self-Efficacy and Caring Behaviors Among Caregivers of Persons with Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia. Songklanagarind Journal of Nursing. 2016;36(2):104-17. 52. Dharmanegara IBA, Pradesa HA. The influence of self-efficacy and emotional intelligence toward caring behavior among nurses in public hospital Denpasar Bali. IOSR-JNHS. 2015;4:9-15. DOI: 10.9790/1959-04230915 53. Mokodongan F, Tjahjono HK, Nuryakin N. The effect of work engagement on nursing caring behavior with burnout as intervening variables (study of nurses at Datoe Binangkang Lolak Regional General Hospital). Journal of Management and Business. 2021 Sep 1;20(2):155-63. https://doi.org/10.24123/jmb.v20i2.496 54. Van Bogaert P, van Heusden D, Timmermans O, Franck E. Nurse work engagement impacts job outcome and nurse-assessed quality of care: model testing with nurse practice environment and nurse work characteristics as predictors. Frontiers in psychology. 2014;5:1261. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01261 55. Ranjbar N, Khedmatgozari A, Sadeghigolafshanl M, Farhadi S, Hojjati H. The Relationship between Fear of Sleep and Death Anxiety in Veterans of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. MCS 2021; 8 (2) :101-108 56. Lennox NG, Kerr MP. Primary health care and people with an intellectual disability: the evidence base. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research. 1997 Oct;41(5):365-72.
Add your comments about this article
Your username or Email:

CAPTCHA


XML     Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Khorin Z S M, Larijani T T, Rahimi S, Haghani S. The Association between Caring Behavior, Self-Efficacy, and Work Engagement among Formal Caregivers Serving Children with Intellectual Disability. Int J Med Invest 2023; 12 (3) :169-189
URL: http://intjmi.com/article-1-1043-en.html


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-2023) Back to browse issues page
International Journal of Medical Investigation
Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.05 seconds with 37 queries by YEKTAWEB 4660